Materialien A-Z
PA
Polyamides. The term polyamide is commonly used as a name for synthetic, technically suitable thermoplastic plastics, thus distinguishing this substance category from proteins which are chemically kindred.
Most of the polyamid production is used as synthetic fibres for textiles, including fishing lines, bras, lingerie, overalls, artificial sponges, threads for lawn trimmers, nylon stockings, rainwear, ropes of any size from ropes for climbing to hawsers for offshore tugboats, tension wires, jumping sheets for trampolines, technical fabrics (paper production), strings for tennis rackets, carpets, sportswear (especially gym trousers and sweat suits), military jackets (e. g. pilots’ jackets, parkas), techno-club wear, etc.
Furthermore, it is used for the production of unbreakable household articles and technical parts, which have to be extremely abrasion-proof, as wall plugs, screws, housings, bearings, isolation parts in the field of electrical engineering, cable straps, aprons for gluing, joints for ambulance tents, kitchen implements (dippers, spoons, etc.) machinery parts (covers, gears, bearings, rollers) and bristles for toothbrushes.
Due to its resistance to lubricants and fuels at temperatures up to about 150 ° C it is also used in the vehicle construction for motor attachment parts such as induction systems, fuel lines, engine covers, etc.
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PE
Polyethylene (abbreviation PE, out-dated polyethylene, occasionally also called polyethen) is a thermoplastic plastic with the simplified chain structure formula which is produced by polymerization of ethene [CH2 = CH2].
Polyethylene belongs to the category of polyolefins.
Common trade names are: Alathon, Dyneema, host Alen, Lupolen, Spectra, Trolen, Vestolen.
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PP
Polypropylene (abbreviation PP, occasionally also called Polypropen) is a semi-cristalline thermoplastic which is part of the category of polyolefins. Polypropylene is produced by polymerization of the monomer propen using catalysts. In 2001, 30 million tons of polypropylene have been produced. PP is stiffer, harder and stronger than polyethylene, but not as stiff, hard and strong as other synthetic materials as for instance polyamide.
Many products are used in the food industry, in households and in the packaging technology: bottle caps, interior parts for dishwashers, for boil-proof films, reusable containers, thermo transport boxes or warming containers (EPP), packaging components, drinking straws, ...
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Polystyrol
Polystyrene (abbreviation PS, IUPAC name: polystyrene) is a transparent amorphous or semi-cristalline thermoplastic. Amorphous polystyrene is a widespread plastics applied in many areas of daily life.
Polystyrene is either used as a thermoplastic processable material or as foamed plastic. Common trade names for polystyrene are lustron, styrofoam, styrodur, styroflex, sagex (in Switzerland) and telgopor (in the Spanish speaking part of the world).
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PVC
Polyvinyl chloride (abbreviation PVC) is an amorphous thermoplastic plastic. It is hard and brittle, white and only gets softer, pliable and suitable for technical applications by adding plasticizers and stabilizers. PVC is mainly known for its use in floor coverings. It also plays an important role in the construction industry, where, among other things, it is used for the production of window profiles and pipes.
The low weight of this plastic may lead to energy savings in application areas such as packaging (fuel savings during distribution) and transport (lower fuel consumption).
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